大学英语四级仔细阅读题目可以归纳为两类,要么考查文章部分内容,要么考查文章总体,对于考查部分内容的题目都可以先看题目选项进行定位再解题,而对于考查文章总体的题目则往往需要浏览全文并运用排除法解题。建议大家在做题时运用以下方法,提高解题效率和正确率。
一、事实细节题
事实细节题的解题关键在于定位。建议考生先快速浏览题目并划出题干中的关键词,然后回原文找相应的关键词,进行段落定位,之后回到题目和选项,看哪个选项符合题干要求且与原文对应信息表述一致。
注意:正确选项往往是原文对应信息的同义转述,而照抄原文内容的选项往往是干扰项;除此之外,常见的干扰项还包括与原文描述相悖、与原文内容部分相符、原文没有提及的信息等。
二、推理判断题
先扫读题干,判读题目要求是对细节、段落还是全文进行推断。 如果是对细节和段落进行推断,则后面的做法与事实细节题相同;如果要求对全文进行推断,则文章主题和中心思想是解题的主要依据,所以需要考生浏览全文掌握文章主题,正确答案往往是对原文描述的总结,或换个角度表述与原文相同的意义。
三、主旨大意题
该题型考查考生综合概括能力,需要先考生回到原文,重点关注首尾段和各段首尾句,这些句子一般为各段主题句,综合起来即可得出文章主旨;然后回到题目,排除干扰项(如文章局部信息、与原文无关信息以及与原文相悖选项等),挑出正确选项。
四、观点态度题
如果题目考查文中某人的观点或作者对文中提及某一事物的观点,则需要考生利用题干关键词进行定位,解题方法与事实细节题相同。但是,如果题目考查作者对全文主题的观点态度,则需要考生综合全文信息,体会作者在文章中的写作措辞和语气,进而得出作者的观点态度。
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