2013年英语四级翻译备考课堂笔记（10）
2013-06-29 阅读 : 次
1. It is time ________________ (有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了).
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ (他替换了那个受伤的运动员).
3. _________________ (尽管这对老夫妇生活简朴)，they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________(我们必须把所学到的知识应用于实际工作中).
5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________(我不得不放弃做运动).
答案与解析:
1. (that)the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本题考点有两个。第一，考查"是......的时候了"的用法。翻译成英语可以说：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一种虚拟语气句型。谓语部分要用过去时态。第二，"有关当局"应译成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是"有关的，有牵连的"，常用于名词后面，修饰该名词。concerning的意思是"关于"，通常不作后置定语。
2. he substituted for the injured player
"替换某人"要用substitute for sb.，尽管汉语中只说"替换"，翻译时要补上介词for，以符合英语的要求。"替换"还有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等说法。这些表达之间有微妙的差别，考生要注意区分。substitute(n./vi.) 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意为用A代替B;
replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意为用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有"尽管"之意，看似连词，实际上却是介词。相当于in spite of，一般后接名词，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.(尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。)原句需填入部分是一个单句，因此要用"despite the factthat..."结构。让步状语从句还可以用although引导，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
汉语里的"所学的东西"，在英语里可以由关系代词what引导的宾语从句来表达。由于汉语语言的表达方式与英语不一样，初学者在翻译此类句子时往往按照汉语的顺序，一字不漏地译出来，却不会使用what从句来代替。请看下例：我经常在想上次见到你时你所说的话。如果把这句话译成I often think about the words you said last time we met就会太生硬、罗嗦。应该译成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本题"我们所学到的知识"可以译成what we learned。本题的另外一个考点是："将......运用于......"可译成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角处，而是说某事即将来临，这里可以翻译成"迫在眉睫"。有的同学错误地将"不得不做某事"译成decide to do sth.，这样就无法准确传递出原文地感情色彩。由于考试迫在眉睫，所以"我"不得不放弃运动。这里是被迫"放弃"。而decide to do是主观意志决定去做。"不得不"的说法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ (他替换了那个受伤的运动员).
3. _________________ (尽管这对老夫妇生活简朴)，they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________(我们必须把所学到的知识应用于实际工作中).
5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________(我不得不放弃做运动).
答案与解析:
1. (that)the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本题考点有两个。第一，考查"是......的时候了"的用法。翻译成英语可以说：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一种虚拟语气句型。谓语部分要用过去时态。第二，"有关当局"应译成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是"有关的，有牵连的"，常用于名词后面，修饰该名词。concerning的意思是"关于"，通常不作后置定语。
2. he substituted for the injured player
"替换某人"要用substitute for sb.，尽管汉语中只说"替换"，翻译时要补上介词for，以符合英语的要求。"替换"还有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等说法。这些表达之间有微妙的差别，考生要注意区分。substitute(n./vi.) 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意为用A代替B;
replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意为用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有"尽管"之意，看似连词，实际上却是介词。相当于in spite of，一般后接名词，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.(尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。)原句需填入部分是一个单句，因此要用"despite the factthat..."结构。让步状语从句还可以用although引导，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
汉语里的"所学的东西"，在英语里可以由关系代词what引导的宾语从句来表达。由于汉语语言的表达方式与英语不一样，初学者在翻译此类句子时往往按照汉语的顺序，一字不漏地译出来，却不会使用what从句来代替。请看下例：我经常在想上次见到你时你所说的话。如果把这句话译成I often think about the words you said last time we met就会太生硬、罗嗦。应该译成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本题"我们所学到的知识"可以译成what we learned。本题的另外一个考点是："将......运用于......"可译成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角处，而是说某事即将来临，这里可以翻译成"迫在眉睫"。有的同学错误地将"不得不做某事"译成decide to do sth.，这样就无法准确传递出原文地感情色彩。由于考试迫在眉睫，所以"我"不得不放弃运动。这里是被迫"放弃"。而decide to do是主观意志决定去做。"不得不"的说法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。
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