四六级写作中词汇量不足的应急攻略(2)
3. 试用解释性语句
语言的功能在于表达，而表达的方式是多种多样的。当一个词影响到??以沟通。英语当中多功能解释性语句，就可以起到这一作用。请看下面的句子：
He is a dumb. = He is a person who can not speak.
He refused. = He said “no”.
I've never seen such a stubborn person. = I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.
解释性语句能帮助我们巧妙地避开一些大词，难词，又能使意思表达流畅，不失为一聪明之举。比较下面两篇文章：
（1）
Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all detest is, but all being domineered by it. It represents a trial; the grade its verdict.
Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can dominate one's future. I am not exaggerating; for you all know it is true. If we want to obtain a diploma, we must first pass the exams. If we do not have a diploma, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may concern their future.
But as long as examination is on its peak of power, we must be philosophical of it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may indulge ourselves in other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and thoroughly?
（2）
Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all dislike it （hate it）, but all being ruled by it. It is a trial; the grade its decision.
Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can control one's future. I am telling the truth, for you all know it is true. If we want to get a graduation paper, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may have something to do with their future.
But as long as examination is on its highest point of power, we must have a calm attitude to it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may spend our time on other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and deeply?
比较两篇文章，第一篇短小精干，用词准确，不失为一篇优秀作文。而第二篇全篇采用最普通的词汇，意思同样清楚，也不失得体，流畅。
作文的评分标准一般侧重于能清楚地表达意义，段落，层次有系统性，语法正确，而并不过分强调用词的精确度。因此作文应试的要领应该是快捷、清楚、流畅。所以，就考试而言，碰到难词或遗忘词时，过分地把时间花在“钻牛角尖”上是不明智的，而应该采取灵活的思维方法、迂回的战术，运用简单、易记的词汇及表达方式，从而能够运用有限的词汇作出美妙的文章，轻松自如地驾驭语言，把握时机，以聪明克服缺陷，以机智灵巧克服学究式的笨拙，以少胜多，最大限度地发挥自己的潜能。
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