2012年6月英语六级听力做题技巧及例题分析:复合式听写(2)

　　(2)听第一遍录音应从大处着眼，小处着手，听为主，记为辅，听写结合，双管齐下
　　听第一遍录音时应尽量放松，抓主要信息(大处着眼)，将注意力集中在空格部分，尤其注意听清或写下第一个词和最后一个词(小处着手)。否则，就可能糊里糊涂地什么也没听清。要特别提醒：听第一遍时不要手忙脚乱、边听边记，或为了某一个词而造成意识上的暂时停顿，破坏整句或整段的理解。
　　第一遍是全文朗读，要求考生注意听懂全文内容。由于听音前考生已浏览了卷面文字，对听力材料有了大致的了解，因此听读第一遍时，考生可以适当地填写些单词和做些笔记，听为主，记为辅。第一遍记下关键词有助于第二遍听写时启发记忆，提示要点，同时也减轻了第二遍笔记的任务，使笔记更加充实、完整，依次与出的内容要点才会更加全面、准确。听和记两种不同的语言技能在"复合式听写"中有着紧密的联系，相互促进。
　　(3)听第二遍录音时，留神停顿信号，注意意群和关键词语。
　　第二遍在听懂的基础上，迅速记下所听的内容。这一遍主要是抢速度，用简写等方式或用图形、符号记录下内容就行。一般考生听完两遍基本可听懂句意;但只凭记忆写要点，往往容易有疏漏和错误。足够信息量的笔记是写好要点的重要条件;但如何在有限的时间内记录下更多的内容呢?这里介绍几种方法。
　　首先，可使用缩略语。可用esp.代especially，sth代something， apprec代appreciation等。没有缩略语的词汇，如字母较少的单词，可完整写出该词，如gift, take，字母较多的单词(只写该词前几个字母;这里的基本要求是快速，省时，并能表达含义。缩略语不一定要求规范，甚至可用些符号，所记内容不一定要求完整，只要能起到提示的作用，自己能看懂就行了。
　　其次，由于"复合式听写"第二部分朗读时没有停顿，即使使用缩略语也难记下全文，因此考生应有选择地记笔记。英语中实词具有表意功能，而虚词多具语法功能，所以记词应以实词为主。
　　另外，因为"复合式听写"第二部分只要求写出内容要点，这样考生应重点记下句中的中心词。短语a thank-you gift，greatly appreciated和quite acceptable中的定、状语便可略去不记。
　　通过这几种方法，考生大大压缩了所记的词语，赢得了时间，精练了内容，增大了笔记的信息量，提高记笔记的效率，为写好内容要点创造了条件。
　　Passage Two
　　In police work, you can never predict the next crime or problem. No working day is identical to any other, so there is no (S1) _____ day for a police officer. Some days are (S2)_________ slow, and the job is (S3)________; other days are so busy that there is no time to eat. I think I can (S4)________ police work in one word: (S5)________. Sometimes it's dangerous. One day, for example, I was working undercover;
　　that is, I was on the job, but I was wearing (S6) ________ clothes, not my police (S7)________. I was trying to catch some robbers who were stealing money from people as they walked down the street. Suddenly,(S8) ___________________________________________Another policeman arrived, and together, we arrested three of the men;
　　but the other four ran away. Another day, I helped a woman who was going to have a baby. (S9)_____________________ ___________. I put her in my police car to get her there faster. I thought she was going to have the baby right there in my car. But fortunately, (S10) _____________________.
　　(S1) typical　　(S2) relatively　　(S3) boring　　(S4) describe　　(S5) variety　　(S6) normal　　(S7) uniform
　　(S8) seven bad men jumped out at me/came to me and we got into/began a fight.
　　(S9) She was trying to get to/going to the hospital. But there was a bad traffic jam.
　　(S10) the baby arrived in the hospital.
　　原文：
　　S8. seven bad men jumped out at me; one of them had a knife, and we got into a fight.
　　S9. She was trying to get to the hospital, but there was a bad traffic jam.
　　S10. the baby waited to "arrive" until we got to the hospital.
　　缩小了内容范围，考生听音时更具针对性和准确性，心理放松，更为自信，使自己在考试中处于主动地位。
 

大学英语四、六级考试 --- 六级听力备考资料