大学英语六级听力技能必备

听力是一个复杂的、多层次的思维过程，它涉及语音语调、词汇、句型、语法以及其他非语言知识，是诸多语言技能的综合应用，也是英语学习过程中最难掌握的基本技能之一。要想在听力考试中取得优异成绩，考生不仅要具备扎实的语音、语调等基本语音知识，而且还要掌握包括词汇、句型、语法等其他方面的语言知识。下面我们将针对六级考试听力中常考的词汇、短语、句式以及语法难点进行讲解。

一、常考易混词

英语中有很多同音词、近音词和多义词，这些词在考生阅读文章时不是问题，但一旦这些词汇混杂在听力材料中，往往会给考生的听音造成障碍。我们把这些在听力中容易混淆的词统称为易混词，如fare（费用）和fair（公平的），又如fall既有“落下”的意思，又有“秋天”之意。这些词都具有很强的干扰性，使听力答题难度增加。如果不能马上找到其在原文中确切的对应词或意思，考生就很容易选错答案。

因此，考生在平时的学习中就要准确掌握单词的发音及意思。如果在考试中不能确定是哪个词或意思，在听录音时首先写下你认为正确的那个词，听完录音后再结合材料的具体语境进行分析，来确定使全文意思连贯合理的那个词或意思。为了方便考生备考，我们专门研究了近20年的六级真题听力材料，从中甄别出一百余条六级考试中常考的易混词，供考生参考，考生也可以在平时的学习过程中结合自身情况不断充实、积累易混词汇。

　　1.同音词

all together ? altogether

band ? banned

bare ? bear

brake ? break

bread ? bred

ceiling ? sealing

cent ? sent

cell ? sell

check ? cheque

compliment ? complement

dying ? dyeing

fare ? fair

find ? fined

flew ? flu

floor ? flaw

flower ? flour

fourth ? forth

hair ? hare

heal ? heel

hour ? our

heroin ? heroine

past ? passed

peace ? piece

rose ? rows

sail ? sale

sauce ? source

steal ? steel

story ? storey

site ? sight

threw ? through

tire ? tyre

vain ? vein

way ? weigh

wait ? weight

wood ? would

2.近音词

appeal[?'pi?l] ? a pill[?pil]

avoid[?'v?id] ? award[?'w??d]

border['b??d?] ? board[b??d]

bald[b??ld] ? bored[b??d]

council['kaunsl] ? cancel['kænsl]

cut[k?t] ? cart[k：t]

foam[f?um] ? form[f??m]

full[ful] ? fool[fu?l]

hut[h?t] ? heart[h?t]

loose[lu?s] ? lose[lu?z]

odd[?d] ? awed[??d]

pass[p?s] ? path[p?θ]

presence['prezns] ? presents['preznts]

pull[pul] ? pool[pu?l]

poor[pu?] ? pour[p??]

stock[st?k] ? stalk[st??k]

sleep[sli?p] ? steep[sti?p]

sympathetic[?simp?'θetik] ? systematic[?sisti'mætik]

　3.多义词

accent 口音，腔调；重音，重音符号

agent 代理人，经纪人；政府代表；动因

appeal 求助，诉请；对……有吸引力

apply 应用；申请，请求

ball 球；舞会

bank 银行；岸

blank 空着的；茫然的，无表情的；空白表格

bear 熊；负担；忍受

behind 在……后面；晚于，落后于

break 休息；暂停；打破

brief 简短的，简洁的；短暂的；概要，摘要

brown 太阳晒黑的；褐色的

cabinet 橱，柜；内阁

character 性格；性质；人物，角色；（汉）字

chief 主要的；首席的；首领，长官

complete 完全的，完成的；完成

crash 碰撞；破产；坠毁；破裂声，哗啦声

draft 草稿，草图；汇票；起草，草拟；征募，征召……入伍

fine 好的；罚款；精炼

force 力量；武力；促使，推动

gift 礼物；天赋

iron 铁；熨斗；熨烫

kid 小孩；开玩笑

last 最后的；持续

lean 倾斜，屈身；靠，倚，依靠；瘦的；贫乏的，收益少的

manual 用手的；手册，指南

moderate 温和的，有节制的；（使）和缓；持温和观点者

presentation 授予，赠送（仪式）；报告，介绍

reservation 预订；保留意见；（美国印第安部落的）居留地

ring 铃声；打电话；戒指

sack 麻布袋，大口袋；解雇；洗劫，劫掠

safe 安全的；保险箱

spring 春天；泉水；弹簧；跳跃

schedule 时刻表，日程安排表；安排

shepherd 牧羊人；牧师；带领；指导

spoil 宠坏，溺爱；损坏

steep （价格等）过高的；急剧的，大幅度的；陡峭的

stock 库存；股票，公债；世系，血统；高汤，原汤；常用的，常备的

　二、常考场景词伙

词伙是指出现于共同的场景或共指某一事物的一组词、短语或句子。对于一些需要通过关键词获取答案的场景题、主旨题或者推理判断题，考生可以利用平时积累的词伙，结合录音的具体内容，迅速找到答案。我们把六级听力材料中常考的场景分为学习、生活和工作三大类，各大类又细分为若干小类，并把各类场景中可能出现的词汇进行了归纳，供考生了解、学习。考生可以在考试之前再把这些词温习一遍，以增强临场听力的语感。

　　1.学习类

课程：semester,seminar,lecture,take…course,History of Philosophy,reading list,chemistry project, computer, requirement, theoretic stuff,impart knowledge,participate in a lesson,psychology,start on time,presentation,search on the net,drop one course,pick sth.up,sign up for,be scheduled for,required course（必修课）,optional course（选修课）

论文：subject,theme,assignment,essay,extension,paper,thesis,explore the topic,published resources,bibliography,reference,get an early start,gather materials,deadline,term paper,business management

考试：quiz,finals,grade,credit,maths exam,get As,get a C,national test,mid-term exam,self-study,fail,pass,a passing score,barely made it（刚好及格）,count for50%of your score,class discussion,competitive examination（答辩考试）

人员：freshman,sophomore,junior student,senior student,graduate,post-graduate,tutor,faculty

感受：frustrated,upset,have difficulty with,have any interest in,nothing valuable,disappointing,figure out,try a fourth time,go through so much work

其他：scholarship,tuition fee（学费）,polytechnic（理工学院）,distinguished scholar（著名学者）,different ideas,get access to,answers to the questions,at the back of the book

　　2.生活类

娱乐：concert,performance,classical music,enjoy,good day,take a break,relax,reserve a court（预定一个球场）,a night-out,take your mind off your test,fair weather,good view,dessert,half-done,get served,dine out

运动：ski,boots,play tennis,boating,pole,outdoors,get in great shape,ensure the safety,first aid（急救）,check the trails,physical education,belts,patience,mental discipline,expert riders,starting line,relay station,win the game,field event

房屋：roommate,dormitory,furniture,double room,deposit（押金）,live on/off campus,utilities（公用事业）,heating costs, temporary accommodation（临时住处）,landlord（房东）,apartment,sublet（转租）,dishwasher,messy（脏乱的）,a leaky faucet（漏水的水龙头）,tenant（房客）,afford,room service,book up,monthly rent

交通：second-hand car,emergency brake,board（登机）,take off,check in,behind schedule,plane crash,serious casualty,take the subway,railway company

邮局：airmail,brown paper and scissors（牛皮纸和剪刀）,express mail,overweight,package,parcel,postage,postal code, postcard, receiver,registered mail,regular/surface mail（平信）,remit（汇款）,slot（投信口）,weigh

医院：appointment（预约）,capsule（胶囊）,check up,cold,flu,sore throat,dentist,diagnosis（诊断）,dosage（配药剂量）, emergency room（急诊室）,fever,toothache,stomachache,headache,heart disease,operation,pain-killer（止痛片）,physician（内科医师）,pill,tablet,prescribe,sneeze,surgeon,symptom,syrup（糖浆）,vomit

银行：check,cash,deposit,interest,savings（储蓄）,open an account（开户）,draw on one's account（取款）,interest rate, service charge, bank clerk,balance,exchange rate,cash a check,foreign currency,credit card

商店：a special sale,assistant,bargain,brand,cash,cashier,check,counter,department store,discount,fashion,grocery store, medium size,on sale,out of stock,out of style,price tag（价格标签）,receipt

饭店：appetizer（开胃菜）,bacon（熏肉）,beef,beverage（饮料）,bill,cafeteria,champagne,cheese,cookie（饼干）, dessert, dressing（调料）,french fries（炸薯条，炸土豆片）,ham（火腿）,jam（果酱）,main dish,pay the bill

　　3.工作类

谈论工作：be in charge of,head that department,be responsible for,academic background（教育背景）,allowance,annual income,annual leave,ask for a raise,bonus（奖金）,promotion（升职）,sick leave（病假）,work experience,work overtime（加班）,pay raise,make a profit,deserve the honor,work like a horse,be tired of

面试：interview,assistant,administrative,waiter,waitress,sales manager,nanny,babysitter,dishwashing,formalities（礼节）, application procedure,appeal to,take the post of,reference,salary,wage,demand physical endurance,look for a job,work at the same place,permanent employment,part-time job 解雇：fire,dismiss,discharge,sack（解雇）,send away,remove,relieve,lay off,give someone the sack,retirement,resign one's post,be removed from that office