2006年6月24日大学英语新四级真题与答案

　　partI Writing (30 minute)
　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
　　Directions:For this part ,you are allowed 30minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their
　　fectures.You should write at least 120 words following the outline when bellow:
　　1.有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师
　　2.学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素
　　3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题
　　On Students Selecting Lecturers
　　范文：
　　On Students Choosing Lecturers
　　Nowadays, some universities give students the right to choose who teaches some of their classes. This has led to some debate over whether students should be given this much power.
　　There are several factors that students consider when choosing a lecturer, including the teaching style of the lecturer, the lecturer's academic background, and the lecturer's reputation among students. The ideal lecturer is one who has an interesting teaching style, a diverse academic background, and a good reputation among students.
　　There are both positive and negative aspects to allowing students to choose their lecturers. Giving students the choice encourages them to take ownership for their classes, and also puts pressure on teachers to improve their teaching quality.
　　However, the factors that students consider might not be the ones that lead to the highest quality of education. Schools might end up with lecturers who teach interesting classes without much content.
　　Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning ) (15 minute)
　　Directions: In this part,you will have 15 minute to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1
　　For questions 1-7,mark
　　Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N(for NO) if statement cintradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG(for NOT CIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
　　for question 8-10 ,complete the sentenced with the information given in the passage.
　　Highway
　　A goverment study recommended a national highway systerm of33,920 miles,and congress passed the Federcal-Aid Highway Act of 1944,which called for strict,centrakky controlled desert criterra.
　　The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century .To bulid its 44,000-mile web of highways,bridge.and tunnels hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out.Consider the many geographic ,features of the country:mountains,steep grades,wetlands,rivers,desorts and plains.Variables included the slope of the land,the ability of the pavement to support the load.Innovative, designs of roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country ,forever altering the face of American .
　　Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida,and remarkable tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr.bakerin Washington developed under the nation's physical challenges,Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed uder the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world,ang were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.
　　Today .the interstate system links every major city in the U.S,and the U.S with Canada and Mexico,Built with safety in mind the highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians,or barriers,long entry and exit lanes,ourves engineered for safe turns,and limited access,The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)
　　By opening the North American continent,highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of jobs,access to the growth options in terms of jobs access to cutural progreams health care ,and other benefits.Above all,the interstate system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal freedom of mobility.
　　The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehiole.
　　Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations ,motels,restaurants,and shopping centres.It has allower the rwlocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.
　　By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads ,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support millions of vehicles,The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.The year construction began he said:"Together,the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear -United States.Without them ,we would be a mere alliance of many sepaeate parts."
　　参考答案：1.Y N NG 2. Y N NG 3.Y NO NG 5. Y N NG 6.Y N NG 7.Y N NG
　　8.The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was___________
　　9.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than__________________
　　10.The interterstate systerm was renamed afterEisenhower in recognition_____________
　　参考答案：08. personal freedom of mobility
　　参考答案：09. 75 percent
　　参考答案：10. his vision and leadership
　　Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
　　section A
　　Directions: In this section,you will hear 8short conversationa and 2 long sentance.At the end of each conversations,one ore
　　more qusetions will be asked about what was both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once,After each
　　question there will be a pause.you must read the four choices with A) B) C)and D).and decide which is the best answer ,then letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line though the centre.
　　注意：此部分答题在答题卡2上作答。
　　11.
　　A)The girls got on well with each other.
　　B)It's understandable that girls don't get along.
　　C)She was angry eith the other young stars.
　　D)The girls lacked the courage to fight.
　　12.
　　A)The woman does her own housework.
　　B)The woman needs a housekeeper.
　　C)The woman's house is in a mess.
　　D)The woman works as a housekeeper.
　　13.
　　A)The Edwards are quite well-off.
　　B)The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.
　　C)It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.
　　D)It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.
　　14.
　　A)The woman didn't except it to be so warm at noon.
　　B)The woman is sensitive to weather changes.
　　C)The weather forrcast was unreliable
　　D)The weather turned cold all of a sudden.
　　15.
　　A)At a clinic.
　　B)At a restaurant.
　　C)In a supermarket.
　　D)In an ice cream shop.
　　16.
　　A)The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx.
　　B)The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district.
　　C)The woman started working at an early age to support her family .
　　D)The man doesn's think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.
　　17.
　　A)The man has never seen the woman before.
　　B)The two speakers work for the same company.
　　C)The two speakers work in the same floor.
　　D)The woman is interested in market research.
　　18.
　　A)The woman can't tolerate any noise.
　　B)The man is looking foe an apartment.
　　C)The man has missed his appointment.
　　D)the woman is going to take a train trip.
　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　19.
　　A)To make a business report to the woman .
　　B)To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.
　　C)To resign from his position in the woman's company.
　　D)To exchange stock market infotmation with the woman.
　　20.
　　A)He is head of a small teading company.
　　B)He works in an international insurance company.
　　C)He leads s team of brokers in a big company.
　　D)He is a public relations officer in a small company.
　　21.
　　A)The woman thinks Mr.Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
　　B)Mr.Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.
　　C)Mr.Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
　　D)The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr.Saunders' past experience.
　　22.
　　A)She's worried about the seminar.
　　B)The man keeps intertupting her.
　　C)She finds it too hard.
　　D)She lacks interest in it.
　　23.
　　A)The lecturers are boring.
　　B)The course is poorly designed.
　　C)She prefers Philosophy to English.
　　D)She enjoys literature more.
　　24.
　　A)Karen's friend.
　　B)Karen's parents.
　　C)Karen's lecturers.
　　D)Karen's herself.
　　25.
　　A)Changing her major.
　　B)Spending less of her parents' money.
　　C)Getting transferred to the Englidh Department.
　　D)Leaving the university.
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
　　Passage One
　　Question 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　26.
　　A)Rent a grave.
　　B)Burn the body.
　　C)Buty the dead near a church.
　　D)buy a piece of land for a grave.
　　27.
　　A)To solve the problem of lacj of land.
　　B)To see whether they have decayed.
　　C)To follow the Greek religious practice.
　　D)To move them to a multi-Storey
　　28.
　　A)They should be buried lying dowm .
　　B)They should be buried standing up.
　　C)They should be buried after being washed.
　　D)They should be buried when partially decayed.
　　29.
　　A)Burning dead bodies to ashes.
　　B)Storing dead bodies in a remote place.
　　C)Placing dead bodies in a bone room.
　　D)Digging up dead bodies after three years.
　　Passage Two
　　Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　30.
　　A)Many foreign tourist visit the Unite States every year.
　　B)Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.
　　C)The United States is a country of immigrants.
　　D)Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.
　　31.
　　A)They can make friends with people from other countries.
　　B)They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.
　　C)They can practise speaking foreign languages there.
　　D)They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.
　　32.
　　A)The couple cook the dishes and the children help them .
　　B)The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the address.
　　C)The mother does the cooking while the famepand children withon the guests.
　　D)A hired cook prepares the dishes and the farmily members serve the guests.
　　Passage Three
　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard .
　　33.
　　A)He took them to watch a basketball game.
　　B)He trained them to play European football.
　　C)He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.
　　D)He taught them to play an exciting new game.
　　34.
　　A)The players found the basket too high to teach.
　　B)The players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket.
　　C)The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules.
　　D)The players soon found the game boring.
　　35.
　　A)By removing the bottom of the basket.
　　B)By lowering the position of the basket.
　　C)By simplifying the complex rules.
　　D)By altering the size Of the basket.
　　Sectin C
　　Directions :In this section,you will hear a passage three times ,when the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time ,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For
　　blank numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing infornation,For these blanks ,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Flinally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written .
　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
　　partIII Reading Comprehension
　　for American time is money. They say,"you only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The (36)__________without be better than the past or present. As American are(37)__________to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activitica, Thus American(38)__________a "well-organized" preson is punctual and is(40)__________of other people's time. They do not(41)__________people's time with conversation or other activity that has no(42)__________beneficial outcome.
　　The American attitude toward time is not(43)__________shared by thers, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as(44)__________.
　　One of the more difficult things many studenta must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.
　　In the contest(45)__________.MeDonald's, KFC, and eating meals. As MeDonald's restaurants(46)__________, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cieanliness.
　　Part IV reading comprehension(reading in depth)
　　Section A
　　Directions: you may not use any of the words in the bank more than true.
　　Question 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange ___47_____happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____48____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.
　　The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___49___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American ____50____floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____51____.
　　EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most___52____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____53___of damage.The 1990 EI Nino will ____55___,but they are still not __56___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　A)estimate I)completely
　　B)strength J)destructive
　　C)deliberately K)starvation
　　D)notify L)bringing
　　E)tropical M)exhaustion
　　F)phenomenonN)worth
　　G)stable O)strike
　　H)attraction
　　参考答案：
　　47. P phenomenon
　　48. B strength
　　49. E tropical
　　50. L bringing
　　51. K starvation
　　52. J destructive
　　53. N worth
　　54. A estimate
　　55. O strike
　　56. I completely
　　Section B
　　Directions:There are 2 passage in this section .Eath passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choises maked A) B) C)and D) .You should decide on the best choise and mark the corresponding letter
　　on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 57 to 61 ared based on the following passage.
　　Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes tp conveying the truth.The first study to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.The fact that emails are antomatically recorded-and can come back to haunt(困扰)you. APPears to be the key to the finding.
　　Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca,Mew York,asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes,and confessed to how many lies they told.Hancock then worked out the numberof lies per conversation foe each medium .He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails,21 per cent of instant messages,27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.
　　His resules to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some ecpected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that beacuse deception makes people unconfortable, the detachment(非直接接触）of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges becaue we are most peactised at that form of communication.
　　But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People apprar to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.
　　People are also more likey to lie in ral time in a instant message or phone call say-than if they have time to think of a rasponse, says Hancock. He fond many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出的)resonses to an unexpected demand, such as:"Do you like my dress?"
　　Hankcock hopes his research will help companies work our the besr ways for their employees to communicate.For instance,the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth.But ,given his result,work assessment where honesty is a priority,might be best done using email.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　57.Hancock's study focuses on ____________.
　　A)the consequences of lying in various communcations media.
　　B)the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas.
　　C)people are less likely to lie in instant messages.
　　D)people 's honesty levels across a range of communications media.
　　58.Hancock's research finding surprised those who belived that________________.
　　A)people are less likely to lie in instant messages.
　　B)people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions.
　　C)people are most likely to lie in email communication
　　D)People are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations.
　　59. According to the passage,why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?
　　A)They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.
　　B)They believe that honesty is the best policy.
　　C)They tend to be relaxeg when using those media.
　　D)They are most practised at those forms of communication.
　　60. According to Hancock the telephone is a preferable medium for premoting sales because____________.
　　A)Salemen can talk directly to their cunstomers.
　　B)Salemen may feel less restrained to exaggerate.
　　C)Salemen can impress customers as being trustworthy.
　　D)Salemen may pass on instant messages effectively.
　　61. It can be inferren from the passage that_____________.
　　A)Honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications
　　B)more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees
　　C)suitable media should be chosem for different communication perposes
　　D) email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company.
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
　　In a country that defines itself by ideals,not by shared blood,who should be allowed to come worl and live here?In the wake of the Sept.11 attacks these questions have never seemet more pressing.
　　on December .11,2001,as part of the effort to increase homeland securty ,federal and local authorities in 14 states staged "Operation Safe Travel" -raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification(身份证明).In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests.But those captured were anything but terrorists,most of them illegal immigrants from Central or Sounth American .Authorities said the undocumented worker's illegal status made them open to blankmall(讹诈)by terrorists Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.
　　Mayor Anderson said those feelings were judtified to a certain extent."We're saying we want you to work in these places,we're going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are,and then when it's convenient for us,or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security,especially after Sept.11,then you'er disposable There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,"Anderson said.
　　If Sept.11 had never happened the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America,probably indefinitely .Ana Castro,a ,amanager at a Ben & Jerry'sice cream shop at the airport.had been working 10 years with the same false Social Aecurity card when she was arrested in the December airport raid.Now she and her family are living under the threat of deporation(驱逐出境)。Castro's case is currently waiting to be settled.While she awaits the outcome ,the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry's.
　　62.Accroding to the author ,the United States claims to be a nation____________.
　　A)composed of people having different vaules
　　B)encouraging individual pursuits
　　C)sharing common interests
　　D)founded on shared ideals
　　63.How did the immigrants in Salt Lake City feel about "Operation Safe Travel" ?
　　A)Guilty
　　B)Offended
　　C)Disappointed
　　D)Discouraged
　　64.Undocumented workers became the target of"Operation Safe Travel" because__________.
　　A)evidence was found that they were potential terrorists
　　B)most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorists
　　C)terrorists might take advantage of their illgal status
　　D) they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport.
　　65.By saying"...we're going to look the other way in terms of what pur laws are"(Line 2 ,Para.4),Mayor Aiderson means"________________".
　　A)we will turn a blind eye to your illegal atatus
　　B)we will examine the laws in a different way
　　C)there are other ways of enforcing the law
　　D) the existing laws must not be ignored
　　66.What do we learn about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?
　　A)she will be deported sooner or later.
　　B)She is allowed to stady permanently .
　　C)Her case has been dropped
　　D)Her fate remains uncertain.
　　PartV Cloze (15 minutes)
　　Do you wakr up every day feeling too tired ,or even upset?if so .then a new alarm clock could be just for you .The clock ,called Sleep Smart,measures your sleep cycle,and waits ___67___you to be in your lightest phase of sleep ____68___rousing you.Its makers say that should ____69____you wake up feeling refreshed every morning.
　　As you sleep you pass ___70___a sequence of sleep states-light sleep,deep sleep and REM(raipd eye movement)sleep-that ____71___approximately every90 minutes .The point in that cycle at which you wake can ___72____how you feel later ,and may ____73____have a greater impact than hoew much or little you have slept,Being roused during a light phase____74____you are more likely to wake up energetic.
　　SleepSmart____75____the distinct pattern of brain waves____76____dring each phacs of sleep, via a headband equipped ____77____electrodes(电极)and a microprocessor. This measurese the lelctrical activity of the weather's brain, in much the ____78____way as some machines used for medical and reseach ____79____, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You ____80____the clock with the latest time at ____81____you want to be wakende, and it ____82____duly(适时地)wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.
　　The ____83____was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island____84____a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test." ____85____sleep deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of ____86____to do about it," says Eric Shashoua, a recent cillege graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the stidents to develop their idea.
　　67.A)beside B)near C)for D) around
　　68.A)upon B)before C)towards D) till
　　69.A)ensure B)assure C)require D) request
　　70.A)through B)into C)about D) on
　　71.A)reveals B) reverses C)resumesD) repeats
　　72.A)effect B)affect C)reflect D) perfect
　　73.A)alteady B)every C)never D) even
　　74.A)means B)marks C)says D) dictates
　　75.A)removes B)relieves C)records D) recalls
　　76.A)proceeded B)produced C)proniunced D)progressed
　　77.A)by B)of C)with D)over
　　78.A)familiar B) similar C)tdentical D) same
　　79.A) findings B) prospects C)prpposals D)proposes
　　80.A) prompt B)program C)plug D) plan
　　81.A)where B)this C)which D) that
　　82.A)then B)also C)almost D) yet
　　83.A)claim B)conclusion C)concept D)explanation
　　84.A)once B)after C)since D) while
　　85.A)Besides B)Despite C)To D) As
　　86.A)what B)how C)whether D) when
　　part VI Translation
　　87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________________(找到去历史博物馆的路).
　　参考答案：finding the way to the history museum
　　88. ______________________(为了挣钱供我上学)， Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
　　参考答案：In order to support my university studies (to finance my education)
　　89. The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。
　　参考答案：we hand in our research report(s)
　　90. The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).
　　参考答案：the more confused I am
　　91. Though a skilled worker, _______________(他被公司解雇了).
　　参考答案：he was fired by the company