2012年12月英语四级考试答案（完形&翻译）

Part V  Cloze

Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed   67   the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our   68   to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A   69   reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is70to change people’s minds and moods,   71   their decision making in measurable ways. In a study   72   online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly 73   or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students   74   on the back of the shoulder for about one second   75   providing verbal  instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were   76   more likely to choose the risky alternative   77   were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring（宽慰的）touch of a woman may have induced early associations,  78   the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of   79   mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.

To further   80   that a woman’s touch links feelings of security   81   risk taking, the researchers asked a   82   group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the   83   half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a   84   of insecurity made students in the latter group   85   receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug   86   Mom before stepping on the bus.

67. A. by              B. up               C. above          D. across

68. A. concern         B. attachment        C. treatment           D. appeal

69. A. bare           B. unique         C. mere          D. just

70. A. enough         B. ready     C. easy      D. quick

71. A. generating      B. regulating       C. affecting        D. refining

72. A. exhibited       B. published     C. appeared     D. advertised

73. A. return         B. expense     C. cost        D. prize

74. A. seemingly   B. strongly     C. partly      D. lightly

75. A. if            B. so          C. while      D. whereas

76. A. rathe        B. far       C. further             D. pretty

77. A. than        B. as        C. whic   D. that

78. A. intending      B. inferring  C. inspiring  D. instructing

79. A. supportive  B. lively       C. strict       D. respectful

80. A. enable         B. ensure     C. consent    D. confirm

81. A. beyond      B. with     C. for         D. along

82. A. relative     B. competitive      C. different   D. successive

83. A. next      B. other      C. minor  D. opposite

84. A. hint     B. clue     C. chain     D. sense

85. A. especially    B. specially   C. securely D. entirely

86. A. toward     B. into     C. of        D. from

67. D. across

68. C. attachment

69. C. mere

70. A. enough

71. C. affecting

72. B. published

73. A. return

74. D. lightly

75. C. while

76. B. far

77. A. than

78. C. inspiring

79. A. supportive

80. D. confirm

81. B. with

82. C. different

83. B. other

84. D. sense

85. A. especially

86. D. from

【总评】完形填空原文源自美国科普杂志《科学美国人》（Scientific American）。原文标题为

All about My Mother: How Touch Helps Us Take Risks，作者Ferris Jabr。原文共五段，495字，题目选取了原文前三段并做了细微修改，共345字。主要讲述的是母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带会影响孩子探索世界的行为。这是一篇典型的议论文，第一段第一句给出论点，指出母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带会影响人们的行为，接着在第二段和第三段，通过两个已经发表的文章中的实验来证明这一观点。 

Part VI Translation

翻译

87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life___________(我感到如此激动)!

88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she_____________________(可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话.)

89. With the noise going on outside the classroom, I had great difficulty _______________(集中注意力复习功课).

90. This is the first time I ____________________(听到他们用法语交流).

91.All the information you need to apply for your visa is _______________(可以免费获取).

答案

87. had I felt so excited

【解析】本题考查过去完成时及倒装句。第一句话是过去时，第二句话可知其行为发生在过去之前，由此得出第二句话为过去完成时态，其结构为“had done”；第二句第一个词为“Never”否定词，因此句子主谓要倒装。

88.could have said somethingthat she might regret later

【解析】本题考查过去时态的虚拟语气。第二句是对过去行为一种推测，而事实上行为并未发生，因第一句话的时态是过去时，可判断此句是对过去的虚拟，其主句的构成为“主语+could+have +过去分词”。另外注意本句“后来会懊悔的”这个修饰语，通常翻译成一个简短的定语从句来修饰中心词。

89.in focusing on reviewing the lessons

【解析】本题考查短语固定搭配。”has / have difficult in doing something”,表示做什么有困难。本题表示无法集中注意力复习功课。“复习功课”通常的表达有 “review the lessons”, “go over the lessons”。

90.have heard them communicating with each other in French.

【解析】本题考查使役动词的用法以及现在完成时。表示第几次做某事 ，本句谓语是“is”一般现在时，那么主句用现在完成时”have done”；“听到某人做某事”的固定表达为”hear sb. doing sth.”

91. available for free

【解析】本题固定表达。”be available “，意思为“可得到的，可获得的”；“免费”用介词结构”for free”。