10天搞定英语四级语法之同形异义词辨析（6）

　　1. The work was almost complete when we received orders to no further with it. (2003.06)
　　A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote
　　2. It was the first time that such a had to be taken at a British nuclear power station. (2004.06)
　　A) presentation B) precaution
　　C) preparation D) prediction
　　3. Many a player who had been highly thought of has from the tennis scene. (2003.12)
　　A) disposed B) disappeared
　　C) discouraged D) discarded
　　4. They were admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners. (2003.09)
　　A) denied B) declined C) deprived D) rejected
　　5. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural . (2002.01)
　　A) transmission B) transformation
　　C) tradition D) transportation
　　解题小贴士
　　1. 【B】
　　前缀pro-=for, before, forth, forward，有"向前，事先"之意。-gress词根意为"走"，pro (forward) +gress (to walk) =进步，前进，pro (forward) +mote (to move) =升迁；支援；促进（向前移动），pro (forward) + ceed (to go) = 继续进行；开始（往前），所以正确答案为B，题目译文为"当我们收到不必继续进行时，该工作即告结束。"
　　2. 【B】
　　前缀pre =before, pre (before) + sent（being存在）= 现在的（在眼前），precaution 预防（事前的准备），pre (before) + pare (to get ready) = 准备，dict=to say, prediction意为"事先说，预测"。所以此题选B，题目译文为"那是第一次要在英国核能源站不得不采取这种预防措施。"
　　3. 【B】
　　前缀dis-=apart, away, dis- (apart) + pose (to place) = 陈列，排列，处置（个别放置），dis- (to deprive of) + courage = 使气馁，使沮丧（剥夺勇气）；discard，掷出无用的纸牌，抛弃，丢掉之意。B)为正确选项，题目译文为"许多呼声甚高的球员在网球场上没出现。"
　　4. 【A】
　　de-=down, downward；deny意为"否认，拒绝"，deny sth to sb; de-+prive (private) = 剥夺，使丧失，常考搭配：deprive of; de-+cline (to bend) = 下降，下垂；reject意为"拒绝，抵制，否决"。正确答案为A，题目译文为"因为他们是外国人，所以他们不允许进入军事展览。"
　　5. 【B】
　　trans=beyond, across, over; transmission，传输，传达；transformation，变形，变质；trans- (across) +port (to carry) +tion（名词后缀）=输送，运送。所以正确答案为B，题目译文为"20世纪见证了一次全球性的政治、经济、文化的变革。"
　　汉语中有偏旁，英文单词也有，也就是我们所熟悉的前缀。英语中共有前缀113个，而最常用或者说是在四级中的就很少了。这2天向大家介绍在四级中常考的一些前缀及引申出来的单词。解释中也有词根的介绍，希望大家能用这种说文解字的方法记单词。
　　1. pro-=for, before, forth, forward
　　proceed vi. 进行，继续下去【pro-+ceed (to go) = 往前】
　　produce vt. 提出，出示，生产，制造【pro-+duce (to lead) =向前引出】
　　profess v. 表示【pro-+fess (to acknowledge)=公开承认】
　　progress vi. 前进，进步，进行【pro-+gress (to walk) =向前进】
　　project ① n. 计划，方案 ② v. 设计，计划【pro-+ject (to throw) =向前投掷】
　　propose vt. 计划，建议【pro-+pose (to put) = 置于前方】
　　2. pre- =before
　　precaution n. 预防，警惕，防范【pre-+caution (小心) =事前的准备】
　　precede v. 领先（于），在……之前，先于【pre-+cede (to go) =走在前头】
　　predict v. 预知，预言，预报【pre-+dict (to say) =事先说】
　　prefer vt. 更喜欢，宁愿【pre-+fer (to carry) =搬到前面】
　　pretend vt. 假装，装扮【pre-+tend (to stretch, to spread) =展开于面前的】
　　present a. 现在的，出席的【pre-+sent (being) =在眼前】
　　3. per-=through, thoroughly, away
　　perceive vt. 察觉【per-+ceive (to take) =通过感觉去接受】
　　perfect a. 完美的，全然的【per-+fect (to make) =做得很好】
　　perform vt. 履行，执行，表演，演出【per-+form (to provide, to furnish)=完全供给】
　　permeate vt. 弥漫，渗透，透过，充满
　　perfume n. 香味，芳香，香水【per-+fume (to smoke) =像烟一样地飘】
　　4. trans-=beyone, across, over
　　transaction n. 交易，事务【trans-+action (drive) =不断推进事物】
　　transfer vt. 转移，调转，调任【trans-+fer (to carry) =越过……搬运】
　　transit vt. 横越，通过，经过【trans-+it (to go) =走到对岸】
　　translate vt. 翻译，解释，转化【trans-+late (to carry) =被搬到外面去】
　　transcend vt. 超越，胜过【trans-+scend (to climb) =超越……攀登】
　　5. dis-= apart, away
　　disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件
　　discard vt. 丢弃，抛弃【dis-+card (paper) =掷出无用的纸牌】
　　discern v. 目睹，认识，洞悉【dis-+cern (to separate) =一个一个分开】
　　disapprove v. 不赞成
　　discourage vt. 使气馁，阻碍【dis-+courage =剥夺勇气】
　　display vt. 陈列，展览，显示【dis-+play (to fold) =将重叠的东西伸展开来使能看到】
　　6. de-=apart, from
　　defer vi. 推迟，延期【de-+fer (to carry) =回到离开的地方】
　　defrost vt. 除霜，使（冰的食物）融化【de-+frost（霜）=分开霜】
　　detach vt. 分开，分离【de-+tach（to stake拴）=拴的相反】
　　奥运会闭幕式落下帷幕，运动员与希腊人民齐欢乐。
　　Fireworks and spectacular lighting kicked off the closing ceremony Sunday night, an extravaganza（铺张华丽的表演）of folk dancing and music in the Olympic tradition that summed up the glee（欢乐，高兴）and relief the games brought to Greece. Shortly afterward, thousands of athletes marched into the stadium, waving their arms and flags, snapping photos of each other and bathing in the cheers of 70,000 fans.
　　1. sum: n. 总数，总和 paid an enormous sum支付了一大笔款项
　　【单词变形】sum（n. 总数，总和）summary（n. 摘要，概要）summarize（v. 概述，总结）
　　2. march: n. & v. 行军，前进 Science is on the march. 科学正在发展中。
　　3. snap: v. 拍照；猛地吸住，突然折断 The rope snapped. 绳子突然断了。
　　1. Many people lost their jobs during the business . (2003.06)
　　A) desperation B) decrease
　　C) despair D) depression
　　2. He to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.
　　A) resolved B) resorted C) requested D) reserved
　　3. He gave us a good of his experience.
　　A) demonstration B) frequency
　　C) description D) instruction
　　4. As a teacher, you should not the students from asking questions in class.
　　A) ruin B) restrain C) import D) impose
　　5. The rest of the day was entirely at his for reading or recreation.
　　A) dismissal B) survival C) disposal D) arrival
　　6. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play roles in raising children. (2002.01)
　　A) insensible B) indispensable
　　C) incapable D) infinite
　　7. I hate people who the end of a film that you haven't seen before. (1997.06)
　　A) reveal B) revise C) rewrite D) reverse
　　8. As a commander, you should not the soldiers to unnecessary danger.
　　A) express B) explode C) exploit D) expose
　　9. The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.
　　A) protest B) punishment C) protection D) project
　　10. What she achieved in her research might what she had been expecting.
　　A) exceed B) exclaim C) excess D) extend
　　What goes up when the rain comes down?

编辑：郭英杰）

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