2014年大学英语四级写作常见语法错误总结
2014-06-26 阅读 : 次
四级作文虽说难度不是特别大，但是对于基础薄弱的考生来说，还是足够让人烦恼的，考生在写作中都会出现一些问题，这些问题可谓千奇百态，但是最主要的问题还是语法错误。
主谓不一致，人称与动词不符。例如：
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
上面例句中，主语是My sister ，为第三人称，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式goes才正确，这种主谓不一致的错误在写作中是很常见的问题，稍一疏忽就会犯，考生需要更加细心才行。
句子成分残缺不全，语句不通。例如：
We should read books may be useful to us. (误)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
这是一个定语从句的例句，其中which在从句中做的是主语，所以不能省略，一旦省略就会造成句子成分残缺，考试中大家在写完一句话时要记得读一遍看看通不通顺。
句子成分多余，累赘复杂。例如：
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
这一句的错误有点中式英语的味道，逐字逐句对应翻译，there is 放在这里，累赘而又繁琐。
动词时态、语态的误用，前后不一致。例如：
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
这个例句中前面是was walking ，所以后面也要用相应的过去进行时were，同一个句子里，没有特殊情况，前后时态时要保持一致的。
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)
这一句也可以说是定语从句语法错误，be interested in是我们都知道的固定搭配，所以它后面跟宾语一定要有介词in，所以从句引导词要用 in which 。
词类混淆，词性不明。例如：
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
这句中，be 后面是形容 reading 的意思，所以要用到一个形容词，而selectively明显是一个副词。
名词可数与不可数的错误。例如：
In modern society, people are under various pressures(误)
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
pressure是一种无形的但是有很多种类的事物，所以不能直接在后面加复数s，但是要形容他多，各种各样后面加一个种类kinds of 就正确表达出了复数形式。
及物动词与不及物动词的误用。例如：
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误)
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)
发生是一个主动的过程，没有什么事是被发生的，所以不能用was taken place 。
情态动词的误用。例如：
They should spent much time. (误)
They should spend much time. (正)
情态动词后面常常跟动词原形，所以spend要用原型。
动宾搭配不当。例如：
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. (误)
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. (正)
There be句型的误用。例如：
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. (误)
There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正)
There be句型中动词一般用原型，exist/arise 不需要变成第三人称单数形式。
主谓不一致，人称与动词不符。例如：
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
上面例句中，主语是My sister ，为第三人称，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式goes才正确，这种主谓不一致的错误在写作中是很常见的问题，稍一疏忽就会犯，考生需要更加细心才行。
句子成分残缺不全，语句不通。例如：
We should read books may be useful to us. (误)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
这是一个定语从句的例句，其中which在从句中做的是主语，所以不能省略，一旦省略就会造成句子成分残缺，考试中大家在写完一句话时要记得读一遍看看通不通顺。
句子成分多余，累赘复杂。例如：
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
这一句的错误有点中式英语的味道，逐字逐句对应翻译，there is 放在这里，累赘而又繁琐。
动词时态、语态的误用，前后不一致。例如：
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
这个例句中前面是was walking ，所以后面也要用相应的过去进行时were，同一个句子里，没有特殊情况，前后时态时要保持一致的。
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)
这一句也可以说是定语从句语法错误，be interested in是我们都知道的固定搭配，所以它后面跟宾语一定要有介词in，所以从句引导词要用 in which 。
词类混淆，词性不明。例如：
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
这句中，be 后面是形容 reading 的意思，所以要用到一个形容词，而selectively明显是一个副词。
名词可数与不可数的错误。例如：
In modern society, people are under various pressures(误)
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
pressure是一种无形的但是有很多种类的事物，所以不能直接在后面加复数s，但是要形容他多，各种各样后面加一个种类kinds of 就正确表达出了复数形式。
及物动词与不及物动词的误用。例如：
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误)
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)
发生是一个主动的过程，没有什么事是被发生的，所以不能用was taken place 。
情态动词的误用。例如：
They should spent much time. (误)
They should spend much time. (正)
情态动词后面常常跟动词原形，所以spend要用原型。
动宾搭配不当。例如：
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. (误)
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. (正)
There be句型的误用。例如：
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. (误)
There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正)
There be句型中动词一般用原型，exist/arise 不需要变成第三人称单数形式。
以上只是英语写作中大家容易犯的一些语法错误，实际上在平时，我们看来，这些错误都很简单，但是考试的时候由于粗心大意，越是简单的东西越不仔细留心就越容易出错，老师为大家总结的错误都是具有代表性的，希望大家好好了解上面这些错误，争取自己在考试中不要重蹈覆辙，预祝大家考试顺利!
编辑：王寻）
本文地址：http://www.cetclub.com/cet4beikaoziliao/cet4yufaziliao/2018-06-29/13339.html
