下面新东方网考研频道英语四级频道给大家介绍十种阅读题的解题思路,大家可以对照着完善自己的做题思路,一定会很有帮助!
1、细节题
5个“w”,一个“h”:who、which、when、what、where、how。
(1)题干中可能明确提到时间、地点、人物或事物等细节信息。
(2)有可能针对文章中的一句或几句发问。
(3)题干和选项之间有可能存在因果关系。
(4)解题思路:
A 根据时间、地点、人物等关键词返回原文;
B 根据出题顺序返回原文;
C 根据题干或选项中的重点词或其反义词返回原文;
D 通过长难句返回原文,一般长难句都是出题点。
2、例证题
(1)标志:example、acaseinpointis、illustration、demonstration。
(2)关键:不在于是否懂例子而在于例子所支持的观点。
(3)步骤:返回原文,定位该例子;80%向上搜索,20%向下搜索论点;
(4)在四个选项中寻找与找到的论点表达最一致,意思最接近的一个。
注意:有时候例证题所支持的观点需要归纳总结。
错误答案的论述方式:混淆论点与论据;列举无关常识。
3、词汇题
(1)标志:在题干中明确指出原文中的词或词组,要求辨别其意思。
(2)关键:该单词或词组本身并不重要,重要的是其上下文。
(3)如果该单词认识,并且不超过大纲,则其字面意思必然不对,其正确答案是根据上下文推测的更深层的含义,其可能与表面意思无任何关系。
(4)方法借助上下文理解,在上下文中寻找同性词或词组,利用上下文中逻辑关系将四个选项代入替换,看语义是否通顺。
4、句子理解题
(1)标志:题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话,重要的不是上下文,而是句子本身。
(2)步骤:
A 重点是返回原文,对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。正确(不能推)理解该句子的深刻含义。
B 若该句话的含义不能确定,则适当依据上下文进行判断。局部含义有整体含义决定。
C 一般来说,选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系,只不过用其他短语表达。
(3)错误选项特征:推的过远,做题时注意把握理解度。
(4)正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。
5、指代题
(1)标志:题干中明确指出原文中某个代词,并要求辨别其指代关系,如that、it、one等。
(2)步骤:返回原文定义该代词,且准确理解该代词所在的句子;向上搜索,找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子;将找到的名词、短语或句子代入替换该指代词,看其意思是否通顺;在选项中找出与词、短语或句子意思最接近的一个作为正确答案。
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