2014年12月大学英语四级冲刺精讲-写作篇（7）

　　备考建议
　　1、关注时政热点
　　2、总结积累相关词汇、短语及经典句型
　　四级作文命题类型
　　（1）观点类作文
　　a．观点选择类作文
　　b．观点论证类作文
　　（2）现象类作文
　　a．现象阐释类
　　b．问题解决类
　　（3）图表类作文
　　a．影响分析类
　　b．问题解决类
　　（4）应用类作文
　　a．书信
　　b．演讲
　　a．观点选择型作文
　　此类作文直接要求考生比较两种对立的观点或做法，进而表明自己对问题或事务的态度或观点，做出选择。
　　观点选择型关键句式
　　There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of… .Some argue/ hold that…, but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue. 如今，XX问题引起了广泛的讨论，有些人　　认为…，但其他人则对此持有完全相反的观点。
　　In reaction to the phenomenon/ in answer to the problem / in response to the on-going social change , some people believe… In their minds,…However, others maintain… .In their eyes,…　　　对于这种现象/解决该问题/社会变化，一些人认为…然而，其他人则认为…在他们看来…
　　Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinions. 就我个人而言，我支持前（后）一种观点。
　　I am of the opinion that priority should be given to…我首先赞成…
　　In conclusion, it is clear that… 因此，很显然…
　　What conclusion can be drawn from all the above said, it is… 综上所述，我们可以得出这样的结论…
　　观点选择类作文模板
　　There is no consensus among people as to the view of (_____).The opinions vary from person to person. Some people hold the idea that (____).A case in point is that (_____).
　　However, other may have a quite different view. According to them, (_____). The most typical example is that (______).
　　Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with (_____). Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extend, but (_____) is more 　　convincing.
　　words：87
　　b．观点论证型作文
　　此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点，按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否认某一主张。
　　When asked about (_____),some people hold the idea that (___).As far as they concerned with/about , (____).当问及…时，一些人持有这样的观点…；在他们看来，…
　　But I could not agree with them in several points. In my opinion, (_____).然而，我却不赞同他们的看法。在我看来，…
　　The reason for my choice are listed as follows. 我之所以做出这样选择，原因如下：
　　First of all, (______).What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______).首先，…；其次，…；最后，…
　　For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe that (______).基于以上原因，我坚持认为，…
　　观点型论证型作文模板
　　When asked about (_____),some people hold the idea that (_____).As far as they are concerned, (_____).But I could not agree with them in several points. In my opinion, (_____).The reason for my choice are listed as follows.
　　First of all, (______).What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______). For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe that (______).
　　Words：56　

    （二）现象类作文
　　此类作文主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，指出其影响，提出解决建议或总结观点。
　　a．现象阐释类作文关键句式
　　Recently, the phenomenon of…has become the focus of the public concern. 近年来，…现象引起公众极大地关注。
　　It is no easy/simple task to offer the reason for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factor. 要解释该现象的原因并不容易，因为其中涉及到很多复杂的因素。
　　Among all the important/ convincing reasons for…,one should be emphasized…在所有重要、有力的原因中，我们应当重点关注…
　　The significant effects of this phenomenon are undeniable, which can be concluded as the following aspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面：
　　On one hand, …; On the other hand,… 一方面，…；另一方面，…
　　现象阐释类作文框架
　　Recently, the phenomenon of…has become the focus of the public concern. What are the reasons for the phenomenon? On my standpoint, there are several as follows.
　　b．问题解决类作文关键句式
　　In recent years, with the development of the economy/society/people’s living standard, we are facing a serious phenomenon that…目前，随着经济/社会的发展/人民生活水平的提高，我们正面临着一个严峻的社会现象，…。
　　In order to solve this problem, it is essential for us to discuss the causes of it. 为了解决这一问题，我们有必要首先分析其原因。
　　What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are several reasons as follows. 在我看来主要有如下几条原因：
　　First of all, (______).What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______).首先，…；其次，…；最后，…
　　In view of the seriousness of the phenomenon, effective measures should be taken as follows. 考虑到这一现象的严重性，有关部门必须采取如下有效措施。
　　On one hand, it is high time that people all over China realized the seriousness of the phenomenon; on the other hand, the government should issue laws and regulations to put the situation under control.一方面，必须使举国上下意识到这一现象的严重性；另一方面，政府应当制定相应的法律法规来控制这一局面。
　　In recent years, with the development of the economy/society/people’s living standard, we are facing a serious phenomenon that…
　　What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are several reasons as follows. First of all, (______).What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______).
　　In view of the seriousness of the phenomenon, effective measures should be taken. On one hand, it is high time that people all over China realized the seriousness of the phenomenon; On 　the other hand, the government should issue laws and regulations to put the situation under control. Only in these way can we successfully solve the problem.
　　words：101

    （三）图表型作文
　　此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。
　　a．影响分析型关键句式
　　The chart / graph/ table/ picture describes that the figure declines/ falls smoothly/ markedly. It indicates that…图表显示数字下降平缓，这表明….
　　There may be a combination of factors which contribute to / are responsible for …可能是好几个因素造成的结果。
　　There may be several possible reasons to this phenomenon, which will be demonstrated as follows. 可能有几个原因导致了我们下面所要阐述的现象。
　　The significant effects of this phenomenon are undeniable, which can be concluded as the following aspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面
　　On one hand, …; On the other hand,…一方面，…；另一方面，…
　　现象阐释类作文框架
　　As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in … from…to… The first … years saw… The last … years witnessed …
　　What are the reasons for the? On my standpoint, there are several as follows. First of all, (______). What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______).
　　The significant effects of this phenomenon are undeniable, which can be concluded as the following aspects. On one hand, …; On the other hand,…
　　76 words
　　b．问题解决型关键句式
　　It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation. 采取有效措施防止这种情况的发生很重要。
　　There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but …might be helpful/ but the general awareness of the necessity of …might be the first step.虽然问题没有现成的解决办法，但是,…是有帮助的/但是意识到….的必要性应该是解决问题的第一步。
　　In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to… 为了让我们生活的世界变得更加美好，我们应该努力…
　　According to what we have talked above, we can arrive at the conclusion reasonably /naturally that…. the best way to solve this problem is… 综上所述，我们自然能得出以下结论，即解决这一问题的最好的办法就是…
　　Following this method may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort. 这些方法并不一定能成功解决…，但是其结果是值得付出努力的。
　　问题解决型作文框架
　　As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in … from…to… The first … years saw… The last … years witnessed …
　　What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons as follows. First of all, (______).What is more, (______).Last but not the least,(______).
　　According to what we have talked above, we can arrive at the conclusion reasonably /naturally that…. the best way to solve this problem is… Although, following this method may not 　　guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort．
　　Word：101

     （五）应用类作文——信函
　　应用文重点考察信函，要求考生按照这个场景给相关人士写一封短信，并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机、目的和愿望等。
　　注意事项：
　　a．英语书信的格式——公函、私函 ;
　　b．应用恰当的句式和语句；
　　C．不要写真名。
　　应用型作文书信关键句式
　　Dear Sir or Madam
　　Mr. Mrs. Miss. Ms
　　Yours sincerely, yours truthfully,
　　Love,…
　　Yours affectionately,
　　开头用语
　　How time flies! We haven’t seen each other for a long time. All the things here are going on pretty well, I just miss you so much!
　　It is so great to here from you again.
　　I hope this letter finds you in good health and good spirits.
　　I trust that everything is going smoothly for you.
　　It is a great pleasure for me to have this wonderful chance to put pen to paper and send greetings to you.
　　中间用语
　　In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following action…
　　I hope you will not find too forward for me to suggest that you..
　　In my experience, it seems that ….would make sense in your situation.
　　结尾用语
　　1．I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
　　2．Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.

大学英语四、六级考试 --- 四级写作备考资料