英语四级听力考试长对话设题点解密

　　一、对话的开头

　　对话的开头部分一般都会引出谈话的主题，比较容易设主旨题，主要考查对谈话主题或所涉及场景的把握。

　　【例1】(新06-6-19)

　　[A] To make a business report to the woman.

　　[B]To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.

　　[C] To resign from his position in the woman's company.

　　[D] To exchange stock market information with the woman.

　　W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.

　　M: Thank you!

　　W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us?

　　19. What's the purpose of Mr. Thunder's visit?

　　【解析】主旨题。问候之后的首句往往引出谈话的主题，也经常是长对话第一道问题的设题点。请到访者就座后，女士直接进入正题，上周受到你的工作简历，表明对话是围绕男士申请工作这一话题展开的，故答案为[B]。

　　二、对话的结尾

　　对话结尾往往会涉及对话双方的态度、建议或决定等总结性的内容，而且经常能够进一步体现对话的主题及场景，也是出题者设题时考虑的重点。

　　【例6】(新06-6-25)

　　[A] Changing her major.

　　[B]Spending less of her parents' money.

　　[C]Getting transferred to the English Department.

　　[D]Leaving the university.

　　……

　　W: ……They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.

　　25. What is Karen thinking of doing?

　　【解析】细节题。对话结尾处女士通过进行时表明了自己的打算(I was quitting)。注意这里的quit是指退出现在的专业，而不是指退出大学，选择答案时需根据上下文，切忌根据常识进行判断。

　　三、对话中的问答处

　　长对话由于仍然是以对话形式出现，双方会就对话主题进行讨论，故其中经常会包含一些对话双方的一问一答，这些地方往往是长对话设题的重点。

　　【例2】(新06-6-20)

　　[A] He is head of a small trading company.

　　[B] He works in an international insurance company.

　　[C] He leads a team of brokers in a big company.

　　[D] He is a public relations officer in a small company. W: That's good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?

　　M: I'm currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers , we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.

　　20. What is Mr. Thunder's current job?

　　【解析】细节题。问答处往往是长对话的设题点。女士询问男士目前的工作，男士回答说“我现在在一家跨国公司带领一个8人组成的保险经济人(broker)团队，故答案为[C]。

　　四、对话中逻辑关系处

　　长对话中经常会涉及到表示转折、因果等逻辑关系的短语或句式，这些地方也很受出题人的青睐。

　　【例3】(新06-6-22)

　　[A] She's worried about the seminar.

　　[B] The man keeps interrupting her.

　　[C]She finds it too hard.

　　[D] She lacks interest in it.

　　W: No, Jim, I suppose I haven't. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.

　　M: So it doesn't really hold your interest?

　　W: No, not really. I wouldn't bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. I'm at the university.

　　22. Why can't Karen concentrate on the book?

　　【解析】推断题。女士话中but转折后内容表明女士对那本书并不感兴趣，紧接着男士和女士的一问一答再次揭示本题的答案为[D]。

　　五、对话中建议处

　　对话中一方给另一方提出的建议或意见常常会被作为出题的重点，因此，听音时要注意捕捉一些特殊的表达建议的句式，如You’d better…, why not do…?等。

　　【例1】(06-12-20)

　　[A] Study the map of Quebec Province.

　　[B] Find more about Quebec City.

　　[C] Brush up on her French.

　　[D] Learn more about the local customs.

　　M: Well, …In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So[20] you’d better practice your French before you go.

　　W: Good advice. …

　　20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?

　　【解析】细节题。由男士话中的you’d better…可知他建议女士在去旅行前先练习一下法语(practice French≈Brush up on French)，故答案为[C]。

　　六、对话中比较处

　　形容词、副词的比较级和最高级，以及than, as…as等引出的比较结构也是长对话题的设题重点之一。这类题目的选项中经常会含有比较结构，考生要学会利用选项所给提示抓取关键点。

　　【例4】(新06-6-23)

　　[A]The lectures are boring.

　　[B]The course is poorly designed.

　　[C] She prefers Philosophy to English.

　　[D] She enjoys literature more.

　　W: I should say, I don't like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.

　　M: It's not just the book, it's the course as well?

　　W: Yeah, ……You see, I wanted to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.

　　23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?

　　【解析】细节题。本题是在对话中的比较处命题(like the course less and less)。女士话中的do philosophy rather than English表明女士宁愿学哲学而不愿学英语。rather than意为“而不是，不愿”。

　　七、对话中数字信息处

　　对话中出现年代、时间、价格等数字信息的地方，也经常被作为长对话设题的一个重点，但要注意，一般都是考查与数字相关的其他细节信息，而单纯考查数字的题目并不常见。

　　【例5】(样卷21)

　　[A] The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.

　　[B]A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.

　　[C]The entire staff should be retrained.

　　[D] Better-educated employees should be promoted. M: And what's the picture?

　　W: We'll probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.

　　21. What does the woman suggest about human resources?

　　【解析】细节题。对话中女士建议hire a couple of engineers(雇佣一些工程师)，选项[B]中的a few engineers should be employed与此相对应。

　　八、对话中列举、举例处

　　对话中出现列举或举例的地方往往也是出题的重点，因此，当听到such as, for example, for instance, the first, the second等一类词语，应加以留意。

　　【例5】(710分样卷-Conversation One-20)

　　[A] It cost muc

　　h more than its worth.

　　[B] It should be brought up-to-date.

　　[C] It calls for immediate repairs.

　　[D] It can still be used for a long time.

　　W: Sure. I've been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment should've been installed long ago.

　　20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?

　　【解析】细节题。女士说自己提出了一些新的生产和广告战略，接着列举了首要的一点(first of all)：设备需要尽快更新。

　　九、对话中推测处

　　must, may, can等情态动词常用于表示对现在或过去事实的推测，这些地方常常受到出题人的青睐。

　　【例5】(新06-6-Conversation One-21)

　　[A] The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.

　　[B]Mr. Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.

　　[C]Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.

　　[D]The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders' past experience.

　　W: Well, you might just be the person we've been looking for. Do you have any questions?

　　M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?

　　21. What can we conclude from the conversation?

　　【解析】推断题。由女士话中的推测句式You might just be the person…可推知，女士似乎对男士过去的经验很满意。