2018年6月英语四级听力美文：The Importance of...
The Importance of Developing Attitudes
Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes.
Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
“The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of figures like Hitler.
Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience.
In the one case the experience is direct and impressive, in the other it is indirect and gradual.
The class room teacher in the elementary school is in strategic position to influence attitudes.
This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words theyrespect.
Another reason why it is true is that pupils often search somewhat deeply into a subject inschool that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to thembefore.
To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher's method ofhandling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The teacher can develop proper attitudes through social studies, science matters, the veryatmosphere of the classroom, etc.
However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise to attempt tochange their feelings by criticizing them.
The teacher can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experience.
To illustrate, first-grade pupils, afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after aclassroom talk with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them.
In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, researchand all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate his own attitudes, because his influence can beharmful if he has personal prejudices.
This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions of which children shouldbe encouraged to reach their own conclusion as result of objective analysis of all the facts.
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