英语四级考试翻译提高训练(3)
第三部分 翻译――真题评析与提高
1. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had___________(很难跟上班上同学)in maths and English. (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解:分析此句,所翻译的部分主要考查对习惯用法的掌握,而并不涉及句子时态问题。
(二)表达:划分成分,句子中逗号之前部分是时间状语从句,而主句又引导宾语从句,宾语从句中核心谓语动词是had,“很难跟上班上同学”作宾语,“in maths and English”作补语。
(1) 切块对应翻译:“很难做某事”= have difficulty (in) doing sth.,“跟上”=keep up with,“班上同学”= his classmates。
(2) 重新组合:difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
(三)校审:检查“很难做某事”、“跟上”用have difficulty (in) doing sth. 和keep up with来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案 difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
考点剖析习惯用法:have difficulty (in) doing sth. “很难做某事”;keep up with“跟上”
2. The study shows that the poor functioning of human body is___________(与缺乏锻炼密切相关). (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解:分析此句, 本句时态已经确定,所翻译部分在be动词is之后,所以充当表语成份。本题主要是对习惯用法的考查。
(二)表达:划分成分本句的核心谓语动词是show,其后引导一个宾语从句,“the poor functioning of human body”作宾语从句的主语,“与缺乏锻炼密切相关”作表语。
(1) 切块对应翻译:“与……密切相关”= be closely linked/related to…,“缺乏锻炼”= the lack of exercise。
(2) 重新组合:closely linked/ related to the lack of exercise
(三)校审:检查“与……密切相关”、“缺乏锻炼”用be closely linked/related to…,the lack of exercise来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案closely linked to the lack of exercise/ closely related to the lack of exercise.
考点剖析习惯用法: be closely linked/related to…“与……密切相关”;the lack of exercise “缺乏锻炼”
3. You’d better take a sweater with you___________(以防天气变冷). (2008.12)
解题步骤
(一)理解:分析此句,划线处应该填写一个让步状语从句,根据所表达的意思,这是对未来天气情况的一种假设,可以使用虚拟语气。
(二)表达:划分成分,You’d better take a sweater with you是本句的主句部分, 从句“以防天气变冷”中核心谓语动词是“变冷”,“天气”作主语。
(1) 切块对应翻译:“以防”= in case,其后引导的虚拟语气可以用“should+动词原形”表示,其中should可省略。 “天气”=it,“变冷”= turn cold。
(2) 重新组合:in case it (should) turn cold
(三)校审:检查“天气变冷”用it (should) turn cold来表达是否准确;核对翻译的句子时态与主句时态是否一致;翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案in case it (should) turn cold
考点剖析in case引导的虚拟语气。
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