2008年英语四级句子词汇真题训练及详解(二)

　　1. ______ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.
　　2. In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are ______ enough to get into universities.
　　3. Do you have any ______ about what living beings on other planets would be like?
　　4. In November 1987 the government ______ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.
　　5. His career was not ______ hindered by the fact that he had never been to college.
　　[A]ambitious [B]unlike [C]notion [D]noticeably
　　[E]initiated [F]alike [G]ideal [H]fortunate
　　近义词排除练习：
　　1.[A]handle [B]cope [C]tackle [D]thrive
　　2.[A]similar [B]alike [C]annual [D]like
　　3.[A]magnificent [B]sufficient [C]super [D]superb
　　4.[A]opponent [B]opportunity [C]chance [D]occasion
　　参考答案及解析：
　　1.选[B]。
　　[题意]杰克和姐姐不同，他生性喜静，不易与他人交朋友。
　　unlike adv.不同的 prep.和...不同
　　[范例]His uncle promised him $100 if he could earn a like sum.如果他自己能挣到100美元，他伯伯答应给他同样数目的钱。
　　2.选[H]。
　　[题意]在非洲，教育费用对于那些足够幸运能够进入大学的人来说是很低的。
　　fortune n.运气，时运，命运;(大量)财产，大笔的钱
　　[搭配]have good/ bad fortune 运气好/坏;read/ tell sb.'s fortune 给某人算命;try one's fortune 碰运气
　　[搭配]Every man is the architect of his own fortune.每个人都是自己命运的建筑师(主宰)。
　　3.选[C]。
　　[题意]你知道别的行星上的生命是什么样子吗?
　　notion n.概念，观念;意图，想法
　　[搭配]have no notion of time 没有时间观念;have a sudden notion to leave 突然想离开;unrealistic notions 不切实际的想法;have no notion of resigning 没有辞职的意思
　　[范例]I haven't the faintest notion of what they mean. 我一点也不知道他们是什么意思。
　　4.选[E]。
　　[题意]1987年11月，政府就官方体育运动方针政策的未来走向发起了一场公开辩论。
　　initiate vt.开始，发起;使初步了解;接纳(新成员) n.新加入组织的人
　　[搭配]initiate trade with developed nations 开始与发达国家交易;initiate a reform 发起改革
　　[范例]The police wanted to know who had initiatedthe fight.警方想知道是谁先开始动手打架的。
　　5.选[D]。
　　[题意]他的事业并未因他从未上过大学而受到明显的妨碍。
　　noticeably adv.显而易见地
　　1.[D] 2.[C] 3.[B] 4.[A]
　　1. It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.(CET-4,2000.1)
　　2. Our journey was slow because the train stopped ______ at different villages.(CET-4,1999.1)
　　3. Three university departments have been ______ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.(CET-4,2003.9)
　　4. Finding a job can be ______ and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.(CET-4,2003.9)
　　5. However, at times this balance in nature is ______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.(CET-4,1998.6)
　　[A] continuous [B] frustrating [C] misleading [D] continually
　　[E] consistent [F] secured [G] disturbed [H] awarded
　　参考答案及解析:
　　1.选[E]。[题意]通过和平方式实现统一是我们一贯的政策。
　　consistent adj.一贯地;一致地
　　[搭配]be consistent with... 与...一致
　　[范例]He has always consistent in his opinion.他的意见始终如一。
　　2.选[D]。[题意]旅程进行得很慢，因为我们乘坐的火车总是在路过的村庄停车。
　　continually adj.不断地，频繁地
　　[搭配]stop continually at different villages 总在不同的村庄停下来
　　3.选[H]。[题意]三个系获得600，000美元的奖金以制订良好的授课与学习方法。
　　award v.授予;奖励;判给
　　4.选[B]。[题意]找工作会让人受挫和令人失望，因此有备无患很重要。
　　frustrate vt.使沮丧;使受挫这
　　[搭配] frustrate her hopes of going out 使她外出的愿望落空;frustrate the enemy in his plans 挫败敌人的计划;feel frustrate in the job 对工作感到不顺心
　　frustrating adj.令人懊恼的;令人沮丧的
　　5.选[G]。[题意]然而，有时自然界的平衡会被破坏，导致一些可能无法预见的影响。
　　disturbe vt.打扰(尤指正在工作的人)，妨碍(某人的睡眠等);使不安，使烦恼;弄乱
　　[搭配] disturb the balance in the nature 破坏生态平衡;disturb sb. with some question 问问题打扰某人;disturb peace 破坏和平
　　[范例] The wind disturbs the smooth surface of the lake. 风吹皱了平静的湖面。
　　1.It is reported that Uruguay understand and ______ China on human rights issues.(CET-4,2004.1)
　　2.They were ______ admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners.(CET-4,2003.9)
　　3.John doesn’t believe in ______ medicine; he has some remedies of his own.(CET-4,2003.1)
　　4.Not having a good command of English can be a serious ______ preventing you from achieving your goals.(CET-4,2004.1)
　　5.Mr. Jones hold strong views against video games and ______ the closing of all recreation facilities for such games.(CET-4,2003.9)
　　[A] abandons [B] conventional [C] obstacle [D] backs
　　[E] advocates [F] denied [G] regular [H] deprived
　　参考答案及解析:
　　1.选[D]。[题意]据报道乌拉圭理解并支持中国在****问题上的立场。
　　back vt.支持;使后退 vi.后退，倒退 adv.回原处;向后 n&adj. 背(的);后面(的)
　　[搭配] back China on human rights issue 支持中国在****问题上的立场
　　[短语] back down/off 放弃，后退;back out 退出，撒手;食言;back up(使)后退;支持;behind sb’s back 背着某人，暗中;turn one’s back 轻视，不理睬
　　[范例] He backed the car out of the garage. 他把车从车库里倒开了出来。
　　2.选[F]。[题意]他们被拒绝参观军事展览，因为他们是外国人。
　　deny vt.拒绝给予;否认，不承认
　　[用法] 动词deny后接动名词或名词宾语
　　[搭配] deny sb the right to vote 拒绝给予某人选举权;deny sb the chance of doing sth 不给某人做某事的机会;deny sb’s admission 拒绝某人入场;deny doing/ having done sth 否认做过某事
　　[范例] That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store. 那个年轻人仍然否认自己在商店后面纵火。
　　3.选[B]。[题意]约翰不相信常规药物，他有自己的治疗方法。
　　conventional adj.常规的;符合习俗的
　　[搭配] conventional weapons/ medicine 常规武器/药物;a conventional style/ design 传统风格/图案;conventional opinions 旧观念
　　[范例] The design of new building was conventional rather than exciting. 那栋新建筑物的设计因循守旧，并不令人耳目一新。
　　4.选[C]。[题意]掌握不好英语会是一个严重的障碍，阻碍你实现目标。
　　obstacle n.障碍(物)，妨碍
　　[搭配] an obstacle to progress/ work 进步的障碍/工作的障碍; overcome the obstacle 克服障碍
　　[范例] His reluctance to compromise is an obstacle to his political success. 他不肯妥协是他政治上成功的一个障碍。
　　5.选[E]。[题意]琼斯先生强烈反对电子游戏，并提倡关闭所有这类游戏的娱乐设施。
　　advocate vt.拥护，提倡，主张 n.拥护者，提倡者;辩护者，律师
　　[搭配] advocate self-defence 主张自卫;an advocate of early rising 主张早起的人;the advocate for the defence 被告辩护人
　　[范例] Do you advocate banning the cars in the city centre? 你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗?
　　1.Owing to ______ of cheating customers.
　　2.It is not easy to learn English well but if you ______ on you will succeed in the end.
　　3.His career was not noticeably ______ by the fact that he had never been to college.
　　4.A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without ______ with their creativity.
　　[A] charged [B] hindered [C] accused [D] interfering
　　[E] fierce [F] hang [G] up [H] eager
　　近义词排除练习：
　　5.[A] accuse [B] charge [C] complain [D] maintain
　　6.[A] classify [B] rank [C] react [D] sort
　　7.[A] solemn [B] selfish [C] harsh [D] severe
　　8.[A] equivalent[B] violent [C] fierce [D] forceful
　　9.[A] illegal [B] criminal [C] wicked [D] widespread
　　参考答案及解析:
　　1.选[E]。[题意] 由于航空公司间的激烈竞争，旅行费用已经大幅度地下降了
　　fierce adj.狂热的;激烈的，狂暴的
　　[搭配] fierce competition/ debate 激烈的竞争/辩论;fierce pride 强烈的自尊;a fierce storm ****风雨
　　[范例] After he got well, Bob made a fierce effort to catch up with his classmates.鲍勃痊愈后拼命用功，以期能赶上班里的同学。
　　2.选[F]。[题意] 学好英语不容易，但是如果你坚持下去，你最后一定会成功。
　　hang v.悬挂，吊(着)，垂下;吊死，绞死
　　[搭配] hang about (the station) (在火车站附近)闲荡;hang on (the receiver) 握住(听筒)不放;hang on (learning English) 坚持(学英语);hang on to (the house) 继续保留(这所房子);hang up on sb. 挂断某人的电话
　　[范例] I should hang on to those old pictures--they may be valuable. 我要保存那些旧照片，他们可能很有价值。
　　3.选[B]。[题意] 他从没有上过大学，但这并不妨碍他事业的发展。
　　hinder vt.阻碍，妨碍
　　[搭配] hinder sb. from doing sth. 妨碍某人作某事;hinder the progress of the peace talks 妨碍和平谈判的进程;hinder one’s career 耽误某人的事业
　　[范例] The policy will promote rather than hinder reform. 这项政策将促进而不是妨碍改革。
　　[用法] 表示“禁止，阻碍”，如stop/ prevent/ hinder/ prohibit/ restrain/ forbid等常用“动词+宾语+from doing"的结构，只有forbid用于”动词+宾语+to do"的结构。
　　4.选[D]。[题意] 一位好的雇主既能给他(她)的员工一些暗示而又不妨碍他们发挥创创造力。
　　interfere vi.妨碍，干扰;干涉，介入
　　[搭配] interfere in sb.’s private affairs 干涉某人的私事;interfere with sb.’s computer 乱动某人的计算机;interfere in the internal affairs of other countries 干涉别国内政
　　[范例] Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly asboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders. 有的时候事态会发展到暴力的程度，但是大多数情况下，打猎阻拦者只是干扰捕猎通过把骑马者引向歧路。
　　5.[D] 6.[C] 7.[B] 8.[A] 9.[D]
　　1. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to ______ it.
　　2. The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek ______.
　　3. The old couple decided to ______ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.
　　4. Though ______ in a big city, Peter always prefer to paint the primitive scenes of country life.
　　5. To ______ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good for him.
　　[A] postpone [B] adopt [C] premium [D] cancel
　　[E] adapt [F] compensate [G] raised [H]compensation
　　参考答案及解析:
　　1.选[D]。[题意] 我们无法再等所定的货物，因此不得不取消订单。
　　cancel vt.取消，废除;抵消;删去
　　[搭配] cancel the meeting/ interview/ the order 取消会议/面试/订单;cancel the contract/ agreement 终止合同/协约;cancel a check/ stamp 支票/邮票作废
　　[范例] We'll have to count on good weather. But if it does rain, the whole thing will have to be cancelled. 我们希望会有好天气，但是如果真的下雨，所有的安排都将被取消。[02.6 听力]
　　2.选[H]。[题意] 撞机事件中的受害者的亲属联合起来要求补偿。
　　compensation n.补偿(或赔偿)的款物;补偿，赔偿
　　[搭配] claim/ award/ receive compensation 要求/潘给/得到赔偿金;pay compensation for injuries at work 支付工伤赔偿金
　　[范例] The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek compensation. 撞机事件中的受害者的亲属联合起来要求补偿。
　　3.选[B]。[题意] 这对老夫妇已有三个孩子，但他们还是决定再收养一个男孩和一个女孩。
　　adopt vt.收养;采取，采纳，采用;正是通过，批准
　　[趣记] 把adopt中的“o”想象成一个光头小和尚，老和尚收养小和尚，这样来区别记忆adapt。
　　[搭配] adopt a child/pet 收养孩子/宠物;adopt line/policy/system 采用方针/政策/体系
　　[范例] The company has adopted a flexible work schedule. 公司采取弹性工作时间上下班。
　　4.选[G]。[题意] 尽管在大城市中长大，彼得总是更喜欢描绘乡村生活的原始景色。
　　raise vt.养育，饲养，种植
　　[搭配] raise children 抚养孩子;raise cattle 饲养家畜;raise corn 种玉米
　　[范例] He raises his family with his little imcome. 他用自己微薄的收入养家。
　　5.选[F]。[题意] 他借酒消愁，喝得超过常量。
　　compensate v.抵消，补偿，弥补
　　[搭配] compensate you for any damage done to your house 补偿对你的房子所造成的任何损失;compensate for losing one's son 补偿某人失去儿子的损失
　　[范例] Nothing can compensate for the loss of time. 废度光阴是无法补偿的(光阴一去不复返)。