快速提高四级词汇讲义

　　主讲东刚，京城英语考试辅导名师，其走遍大江南北，深受学生欢迎，连续多年参加大学英语四、六级试卷的评、阅卷工作，辅导经验丰富，效果卓著。

　　第一讲：

　　英语四级词汇快速提高

　　1. Prefixes

　　1) dis- (not, the opposite of) disadvantage, dislike, disagree, disappear, disarm, disaster, disastrous *, disappoint, disable *, disability, discharge, disclose *, discount, discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy *, disease, disguise, disgust, dishonest, dismay *, disorder, dispatch *, disperse *, displace *, disregard *, distort *, distract *

　　2) in- (not, in, into) inability, incorrect, incapable, inhuman, injustice, informal, inside, include, inclusive *, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite, independence, independent, indifferent, indirect, indispensable, individual, indoor, inertia *, inevitable, infamous ^, infinite, inhabit *, inhabitant, inherent *, inject *, injection, inland *, inlet *, inner, innocent, innumerable *, input, inquire, inquiry, insane *, insert, inside, insight, insist, inspect, inspiration *, inspire, install, installation, installment *, instance, instant, instinct, insulate *, intense, interior, internal, into, intrinsic, invade, invalid *, invaluable *, invariably *, invasion, invert *, investigate, invisible, involve, inward

　　3) im- (not, in, into) impossible, imbalance, immature, immoral, impatient, implicit *, impress, impression, import, immigrate, imprison, immerse

　　4) il- (not) illegal, illogical

　　5) ir- (not) irregular, irresponsible, irrespective *

　　6) un- (not) unable, uncover, undo, undoubtedly, undress ^, uneasy, unemployment *, unexpected, unfold *, unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload, unusual

　　7) non- (not) nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal, nonresident, nonsense

　　8) mis- (wrong, wrongly) misjudge, misunderstand, mislead, misspell, misstep, misfortune, misuse

　　9) de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce) deform, deface, demobilize, destruction, deforest, denationalize, depress, depression, devalue, decode ^, decrease, degenerate *, degrade *, descend, descendant *, descent *

　　10) pre- (before, in advance) prefix ^, pre-historic, precaution, precede *, preceding, preclude *, predecessor *, predict, predominant *, preface, prejudice, preliminary, premature *, premier *, premise *, premium *, preparation, prepare, prepay, preside *, president, presumably, presume *, pretext *, prevail, prevent, previous, prewar

　　11) ante-, (before, in advance) anteroom, ante-Christian, antemeridian, anticipate, antique

　　12) fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front) forehead, foreman ^, foretell ^, foresee *, forefather ^, foreleg, forerunner *, fore ^, foremost, forecast, forewarn

　　13) ex- (former, out, out of) ex-minister, ex-president, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife, export, exclude, exclusive, excursion, exhibit, exile *, exit, exotic *, expand, expansion, expedition *, expel *, expend *, expenditure *, expense, explode, explosion, explosive, expose, exposition *, exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, exterior, external, extinct, *, extra, extract *

　　post- (later than, after) postgraduate, post-war, postmeridian ^, postpone, postscript ^

　　14) sub- (under, below, less important) sub, subject, subway, subtitle, submarine *, sub-zero, submerge, submit, subordinate *, subscribe *, subsection, subsequent, subsidiary *, subsidy *, substance, substantial, substitute, subtract, suburb

　　15) infra- (under) infrastructure ^, infrared ^

　　16) re- (again, back to a former state) react, reaction, recall, recede *, receipt, recipient *, reclaim *, recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover, recovery, recreation, recur *, recycle *, redundant *, reflect, reflection, reflexion, reform, refrain *, refresh, refreshment *, refund *, refute *, reinforce, reject, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance *, renew, repay *, repeat, repeatedly, repel *, repetition, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representative, repression *, reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore, resume, return, reunion *, reuse, review, revise, revive*

　　17) co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- (with together) co-existence, cooperate, cooperative *, co-author, coalition *, coherent *, coincide *, coincidence *, collaboration *, colleague, collide *, collision, compassion, concentric, conjoin, coordinate, correlation

　　18) inter- (between, among) international, interchangeable, interdependent, interpersonal, interview, interact *, interaction, intercourse *, interface ^, interfere, interference, Internet, interrupt, interval, intervene *

　　19) macro- (large) macroeconomics ^, macrocosm ^, macrostructure

　　20) micro- (extremely small) microcomputer, microeconomics ^, microscope, microphone, microsurgery

　　21) super- (greater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic *, superman, superpower, supernatural, supervise *, superb, superficial, superintendent *, superior, superiority *, supreme

　　22) sur- (more than, beyond) surplus, surtax, surface, surpass *, surround, survival, survive, suspect

　　23) ultra- (beyond, very, too) ultramodern, ultrasound, ultra-violet *

　　24) auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland, automobile, automation *, automatic, autobiography ^, autonomous *, autonomy *

　　25) mal- (bad, badly) malfunction, maltreat ^, malnutrition ^, malpractice ^

　　26) tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television) telegram, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications *, telescope, telescreen, teleswitch, televise ^

　　28) semi-, hemi- (half) semicircle ^, semiconductor, semi-colony ^, hemisphere *

　　29) uni-, mono- (one) uniform, unify *, union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe,

　　#P#

　　universal, university, monologue ^, monopoly *, monotonous *, carbon monoxide

　　30) bi-, di- (two) biweekly, bicycle, bilateral ^, billion, dialogue, carbon dioxide

　　31) tri- (three) tricycle ^, triangle, trilogy ^, triple

　　32) quadri-, quadru- ^ (four) quadruple ^, quadrangle ^

　　33) penta- ^ (five) pentagon, Pentagon, Pentium

　　34) hexa- ^ (six) hexagon, hexangular

　　35) sept- ^ (seven) September, Sept-Wolves

　　36) octa- ^ (eight) octagon, octave, octopus, October

　　37) nona- ^ (nine) nonagon, November

　　38) deci-, deca- (ten) decade, decimal *

　　39) centi- (hundredth part) centigrade, centimeter, centipede ^, century

　　40) kilo- (thousand) kilo, kilometer, kilogram(me), kilowatt ^

　　41) mill- (thousand) millennium ^, millimeter

　　42) multi- (many) multi-purpose, multinational, multiple, multiply, multitude

　　43) counter-, anti-, contra- (opposite, against) counterattack, counterclockwise, counterrevolutionary, antibiotic, antimatter, antiwar, contradict *, contradiction, contramissile, contranatural, contrary, contrast

　　44) mini- (smallest, short) minibus, miniskirt, minimum, minister, minimize, ministry, minor, minority, minute

　　45) max- (greatest) maximum, maximal ^, maximize ^

　　46) out- (outside, beyond) outdo, outwit, outlive, outnumber, outdoor, outstanding, outskirts ^, outward, outcome, outer, outing *, outline, outlook, output, outrage *, outside

　　47) over- (too much, above, additional) overwork, overuse, overtake, overpass *, overthrow *, overturn *, overall, overdue ^, overhead, overhear *, overlook, overseas,

　　48) trans- (across, on or to the other side of) transaction *, transatlantic, transcend *, transfer, transform, transistor *, transit *, transition *, translate, translation, transmission, transmit, transmitter ^, transparent, transplant, transport, transportation

　　49) under- (too little, below) underdevelopment, underestimate, undergraduate, underground, underlie ^, underline, undersea, underlying *, undermine *, underneath, underwear^

　　50) neo- (new) neo-Nazism ^, neolithic ^

　　51) be- (cause to be or have) befriend, belittle

　　52) bio- (life) biology, biography *, autobiography, antibiotic

　　53) en- em- (cause to become, put into the stated condition) embody, empower, endanger, enlarge, enrich

　　54) extra- (outside, beyond) extracurricular, extraordinary

　　55) mid- (middle) midday, midnight

　　56) poly- (many) polycentric, polydirectional

　　57) pseudo- (not real, false) pseudomemory, pseudoscience

　　58) thermo- (heat) thermochemistry, thermometer

　　59) vice- (next in rank below) vice-chairman, vice-president

　　3. Stems

　　1) aero (air) aerial *, aeroplane, aeronautics ^

　　2) agri (land) agriculture, agronomy ^

　　3) ann (year) anniversary, annual, semiannual, centennial

　　4) astro, aster (star) astrology ^, astronomy *, astronaut ^, disaster, asteroid

　　5) audi (to hear) audience, auditorium ^, audit ^, auditor ^, auditory ^ audio-visual

　　6) bell (war) rebel, rebellion, rebellious, belligerent

　　7) ced (to go) precede, precedent, unprecedented, exceed, proceed, succeed

　　8) cid, cis (to cut, to kill) decide, decision, decisive *, concise, suicide, homicide, pesticide

　　9) claim (to cry, to shout) exclaim, proclaim, acclaim, clamor

　　10) clar (clear) declare, clarify, clarity *

　　11) cord (heart) cordial, concord, discord ^, accord

　　12) cred (to believe, to trust) credible, incredible, credulous, credit, credential

　　13) dent (tooth) dental, dentist *

　　14) dict (to say) contradict, dictate, dictator, predict, indicate, indicative

　　15) fact (to do, to make) factory, manufacture, benefactor, malefactor

　　16) flu (to flow) fluent, influence, influenza (flu), fluid

　　17) geo (earth) geography, geometry, geology *, geopolitics ^

　　18) gram, graph (to draw, to write) diagram, telegram, program, photograph, geography, telegraph

　　19) insul (island) insulate, insulator ^, insular, peninsula

　　20) ject (to throw) project, inject, reject, subject, eject

　　21) liber (free) liberate, liberty (at liberty), liberal, liberalism ^

　　22) liter (letter) literate ^, literacy, illiterate, illiteracy, literature, literary, literal *, literally*

　　23) log (to speak) dialogue, apology, prologue, monologue, logic

　　24) manu (hand) manuscript *, manufacture, manufacturer, manual, manage, management, manager

　　25) medi (middle) immediate, medium, media, mediate, medieval, median

　　26) mort (death) mortal, immortal, mortality

　　27) nov (new) novel, novelty, novice, innovate

　　28) ori (to rise) orient, oriental, Oriental, orientation, origin, original, originate, disorient

　　29) pend (to hang, money) depend, dependent, dependency, dependable, independent, suspend, expend, spend, expenditure, expense, expensive, pension

#P#　

　30) port (to carry) portable, import, export, deport, porter, support

　　31) pur (pure) purify *, purity *, Puritan ^

　　32) rect (correct, straight) correct, rectify *, erect

　　33) rupt (to break) interrupt, disrupt, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt

　　34) sal (salt) salary, salad

　　35) sist (to stand) resist, resistance, resistible, consist, assist, exist, insist, persist

　　36) spect (to look) spectacle, spectacular, prospect, retrospect, inspect, respect, suspect,

　　circumspect ^, spectator *, conspicuous *, perspective

　　37) spir (breath) inspire, inspiration, spirit

　　38) tract (to draw) tractor, attract, protract, contract, abstract, extract, distract

　　39) urb (city) urban, suburb, suburban

　　40) vac (empty) vacant, vacation, vacuum

　　41) vit (life) vital, vitality, vitamin, vitalize

　　42) vis (to see) visible, vision, visual, visit, visitor, advice, supervise, television

　　43) viv (to live) survive, survival, survivor, revival, vivid, vivacity

　　(注：标 * 的为六级词汇，标 ^ 的为高级词汇)